Report: The Criminal Use of Legitimate Businesses by Criminal Networks: A Local-Level Perspective
Author:
Jelle Janssens, Billie Baetens (UGent) , Fleur Soete, Caterina Scialla, Mauro Baldascino, Sonja John, Klaus von Lampe, Jesus Palomo, Luis Vallés, Fabrice Rizzoli, Louis Gomes, Atanas Rusev, Ryan A. McLaren, Johanna Skinnari, Karim Zakhour, Lienke Hutten, Joeri Vig, Lars Merkus, Johanne Nielsen and Noa Hardy
Year:
2026
Summary:
This report examines how criminal networks exploit legitimate businesses and the legal economy across nine European cities: Antwerp, Brussels, Caserta, Frankfurt, Madrid, Paris, Sofia, Stockholm and Utrecht. Drawing on 28 in-depth case studies, it analyses the motivations, methods and financial profiles of criminal networks, the vulnerabilities of economic sectors and businesses, and the social and economic harms associated with criminal exploitation. The report identifies recurring patterns in the use of legitimate business structures to facilitate criminal activities, conceal illicit proceeds and launder money. It concludes with findings and recommendations to strengthen financial investigations and support an integrated, local-level approach to preventing and tackling organised crime.